Pressure-regulated switch.



No. 733,561. PATRNTRU JULY 14, 1903.

A.SUN11R. f

PRESSURE REGULATED SWITCH.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 11, 1902.

N0 MODEL. I 3 SHEETS-SEEBT 1.-

ATTORNEY No. 733,561. EATENTEE JULY 14, 190s.

A. SUEDE. PRESSURE REGULATED SWITUE.

' APPLICATION FILED JULY 11, 1902.

FIG?.

WlTNESSES www 71W M M. uw.

No. 733,561. PATENTBD JULY 14, 1903.

' A. SUNDH.

PRESSURE REGULATED SWITCH.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 11, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

NOIODBL.

X l l c2 J7 Z Z WMU/290% l@ @ww/vbo@ UNITED STATES Patented Jury 14,190s.

PATENT EEICE.v

PRESSURE-REGULATED SWITCH.

srncIEIcTIoN forming part ef Lettere Patent No. 733,561, dated .11115;14, 190s.

Application filed July 1l, 1902. Serial No. 115,177. (N0 IIlOdG-l T0 allwhom, it mfc/,y con/067%.-V

Be it known that I, AUGUST SUNDH, a citizen of the United States, residing in'Yonkers,

in the county of Vestchester and State of New York, have invented acertain new and useful Improvement in Pressure-Regulated Switches, ofwhich the following is a specification. V

The object of present invention is the provision ot means for operatingelectric switches in correspondence with changes in fluid-pressure,which shall have the following principal advantages.

The main switch to be controlled is operated by electromagnetic meansgoverned in their turn by a primary switch, the whole being soconstructed and combined that the circuit which is made at the primaryswitch is broken at another point (preferably at the main switch) assoon as the main switch has been thrown.

The primary switch is so constructed as to permit of easy adjustment foroperation between extremes of fluid-pressure nearer together or fartherapart at will, thus making the delicacy of the apparatus adjustableindependently.

The means for operating the throwing of the main switch make provisionfor producing a hammer-blow, whereby certainty of operation is attainedat this vital point.

The primary switch-lever is so constructed as to prevent transmittal ofexcessive pressures and possible breakage due to increase offluid-pressure between working maxima.

An improved mounting is provided for the measuring or balancing springwhich regulates the action of the device.

`An improved structure is provided whereby the switch-controllingmechanism is conveniently related to and combined with a pressure-gage.

My invention is illustrated iu a preferred form and modifications in theaccompanying drawings, wherein- 4Figure 1 is a face view of one form ofmyswitch-control, the pressure-gage used as a cover being removed. Fig.2 is a median section of the same, the pressure-gage being shown inplace in elevation. Fig. 3is a face view of the pressure-gage, showingits relation to the remainder of the apparatus. Fig.

4 is a horizontal section through the middle of the switch-throwingsolenoids. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of the device shown in Fig. 1,taken just above the upper stationary terminal or contact piece of theprimary switch. Fig. G is a face view of a modified form of device foroperating the primary switch. Fig. 7 is a central vertical section ofthe same, the gage being in elevation; and Fig. 8 is a partly face Viewand partly section of still another modification'of the means for movingthe primary switch. Fig. 9 illustrates diagrammatically the connectionsof the two translating devices.

The main current is controlled by switch 1 and led to the terminals 2and 3. As the device is intended to bring either one of two groups A B,Fig. 9, of translating devices into circuit, according as thefluid-pressure in the pipe 23 to which the device is attached is risingor falling, it will be understood that said groups are permanentlyconnected to the positive wire and are brought into proper electricconnection with the negative wire by appropriate movements of the mainswitch. At 4 and 5 are the negative terminals of the group oftranslating devices A, which may be glow-lamps a ct', intended to be incircuit during rise of pressure in the pipes, while at 6 and 7 are shownthe negative terminals of the group of devices B, which may be glowlampsb b' and which are brought into circuit when pressure is decreasing.

The main switch-lever Sis pivoted at 9 and carries twoelectrically-connected blades 10 and 11. The terminals 4 5 of one groupof translating devices are connected to the fixed blades 12 13. Theterminals 6 and 7 of the other group areyconnected to the fixed blades14 and 15. Between the fixed terminals is a double blade-terminal 16,adapted to engage with either the blade 10 or 11, according as the lever8 is swung to the right or left. This terminal 16 is in permanentcircuit with the main negative terminal 3. When the lever S is swung tothe left, as shown, the terminals 4 and 5 are brought into electricalconnection With the terminals 3 through the fixed blades 12 and 13, themovable blades 10 11, and the middle terminal 16. When the lever 8 isswung to the right, terminals 4 and 5 are cut out of circuit, andterminals 6 and 7 in the IOO same way are brought into connection withthe negative terminal 3. Y

Lever 8 is swung by the solenoids 17 and 18, acting upon a commonarmature-core 19, in the following manner.' Turning on the same pivot 0with the lever 8 is a bent lever 21. The two levers 8 and 21 areprovided with projections 22, which enter a space 2O between shoulderson said core. The throw of the core is greater than that of the leverscarrying said projection 22. Hence the core 19 is moved by its solenoidfor some distance before the shoulder thereon strikes the projections22. Thus it delivers a blow on said projections, and this transmitted tothe lever 8 causes a greater celerity and certainty of action thereof.

The main switch is operated correspondingly to changes in Huid-pressureas follows: The pipe 23 is connected to the source of fluid-pressure andadmits fluid to the chamber 24, where it acts on the under side of thepiston 25. This piston is provided with a deep cup projecting downwardinto the chamber 24, in the bottom of which cup bears thetransmission-rod 26, being supported thereon upon a rounded point, so asto permit of some freedom of side movement without appreciable frictionat the point of bearing. On the knife-edge 27 is fulcrumed the lever 28,the shorter arm of which bears against the rod 26, while the longer armis provided with a measuring-spring 29, which determines by itsresistance the pressure at which operative movement of the primaryswitch takes place. The set-screw 30 acts as a stop above the lever 28.

In order te provide means for adjusting the pressure of the spring 29and to permit of its free non-frictioual and non-binding movement, saidspring surrounds an inverted cup 3l and bears upon a flange thereon. Asetscrew 32, having a rounded point of small area, bears upon packing inthe bottom of said cup. In this way I diminish friction and permit sidemotion or swing of the cup and spring, while by moving the screw 32 inor out I produce changes in tension of the spring 29 as desired.

The lever 28 is connected to leve-r 33, pivoted at 35, by means ot' alink 40. The lever 33 has a prolongation 34 pivoted to it and heldbetween the fiat springs 39. A contactpiece 36 is secured in theinsulating-sleeve 37 at the end of prolongation 34 by means of thescrew-clamp 38.

In the path of contact 36 are xed terminals 41 42, preferably of carbon,adjustably held in place by screw-clamps 43. y loosening said clampssaid terminals can be set more or less to limit the path of movement ofcontact 36. The nearer these terminals 41 and 42 are placed together themore sensitive will be the device-that is to say, the less variation inpressure will produce action one way or the other of the main switch.

By means of the wire 44 the terminal 36 is kept in permanent electricalconnection with the positive terminal 2. The terminal 41 is in permanentconnection with one terminal of the solenoid 18 and the terminal 42 withone end ofthe solenoid-coil17. The opposite end of the coil 17isconnected, as shown, with the terminal 13, (or any other fixed terminalon the same side of the main switch,) and the opposite end of the coil18 is permanently in connection with one of the terminals on the otherside of the main switch, as 15.

Above the piston 25 I prefer to supply a leakage-chamber 45, which isnot made tight, but which while permitting free movement of the rod 26upward into the main casing allows.

any water that may leak by the piston to escape by the drip-pipe 46.

The operation of the device is as follows, the parts being as shown inFig. 1: Owing to increase of pressure in pipe 23, rod 26 has risen, thusswinging lever 33 downward on its pivot 35 and bringing contact 36against contact-terminal 42, as shown in Fig. 1. Circuit is thusestablished from positive main terminal 2 to solenoid 17, tixed terminal13, leverblades 10 11, middle terminal 16, and negative main terminal 3.Solenoid 10 then draws lever 8 to the right, breaking circuit at 12 13and establishing connection at 14 15. Thus the translating devicesconnected to 4 5 are cut out, and those connected to 6 7 are cutin. Thelatter, as already stated, correspond to decrease in fluid-pressure. Aspressure decreases in pipe 23 the piston 25 and rod 26 slowly descendand with them the shorter arm of the lever 28. The spring 29 under thelonger arm of 28 raises said longer arm, and through the link 40 thelever 33 is swung upward. This acts, through the springs 39, to raisethe terminal 36 until at length said terminal touches 4]. This energizessolenoid 18 by means of current finding its way to the negative terminalthrough 15 and blade 11. The main switch is at once thrown into theposition shown in Fig. 1, and devices 4 and 5 are brought into circuit7while the circuit through 36 and 41 is broken at 15. The pressure thenincreases, thrusting the rod 26 upward against the spring 29 until oncemore terminal 36 is brought into contact with 42, when the cycle abovedescribed is repeated. It will be apparent, first, that the pressures atwhich operation takes place are determined by the tension on the spring29, andthe delicacy of action is determined by the distance apart of theterminals 41 and 42, and, second, that the circuit is made by contact 36at a place where the necessary movement is very small and broken atanother place-namely, the main-switch lever-where the arcingr would dono harm. The switch-lever 33 is provided with the prolongation 34,connected by a yielding joint in order to prevent damage in case ofundue pressure on said lever. The

springs 39 at the joint aforesaid will then lCO IIO

yield, allowing the part 33 to move by itself.\ It is usually desirableto add a pressure-gage, so that check readings may be taken. This gage4S I utilize as a cover for the front of the containing-box, preferablyplacing it in a recess 47. A branch pipe 49 connects the gage with thepipe 23.

In the modification shown in Fig. 6 I employ the curved spring-pipe 5l,well known in steam-gages and aneroid barometers, instead of the pistonand rod 26. This pipe is connected directly to the source offluid-pressure and is provided with an insulating-oftset 52, whichprojects under the lever portion 33 and operates thereon in oppositionto the weight thereof. The resilience of the pipe does away with thenecessity for a spring 29. In this form I prefer to pivot the lever 33,as at 53, upon a movable plate, adjustable by means ot' the screws 54.By moving this plate up or down I can vary the pressure at which thespring-pipe 5l acts.

In Fig. 8 is shown another modification in which the diaphragm 55 takesthe place of the piston 25, the other parts being such as are shown inFig. l.

l. A swinging lever,two contact-arms thereon, means for operating saidlever and circuit connections; in combination with three iixed terminalsdisposed in succession in the path of movement of said lever; the saidlever arms being constructed and arranged to establish electricalconnection between one end terminal and the intermediate terminal whensaid lever is at either end of said path.

2. A swinging lever, a bifurcated contactpiece thereon, means foroperating said lever and circuit connections; in combination with threefixed terminals disposed in succession in the path of movement of saidlever; the said bifurcated piece being constructed and arranged toestablish electrical connection between one end terminal and theintermediate terminal when said lever is at either end of its path.

3. A swinginglever, two contact-arms thereon, electromagnets foroperating said lever and circuit connections; in combination with threefixed terminals disposed in succession in the path ot movement ofsaidlever; the said lever-arms being constructed and arranged toestablish electrical connection between one end terminal and theintermediate terminal when said lever is at either end of its path, andthe said circuits including said electromagnets said terminalsand saidarms.

4. A swinging circuit-closing lever, fixed terminals on opposite sidesthereof, solenoids also on opposite sides of said lever, anarmature-core entering and movable in both solenoids and provided withshouldersreceiving said lever between them; the throw of said armaturebeing greater than that of the portion of the lever received betweensaid shoulders; wherebya blow is delivered by said artuated by saidmechanism, a second switch constructed to make and break circuitrespectively to said translating devices and circuit connections;whereby the closing of said rst switch by the fluid-actuated mechanismcauses said second switch to break circuit to one translating device andestablish circuit to the other.

6. The combination ot' a circuit including .a circuit-closingswitch-lever, mechanism for controlling said lever by changes influidpressure, contacts adjustable to limit the path of movement of saidlever, and a circuit including electromagnets, a swinging switch-levercontrolled thereby, two translating devices and tiXed contacts; wherebythe movement of said swinging lever controlled by said eleotromagnets inturn controlled by said pressure-controlled lever, opcrates to breakcircuit to one translating device and establish circuit to the other.

7. In combination with a piston actuated by Huid-pressure, a piston-rod,a pivoted lever connected to said rod, a pivoted circuitclosing leverlinked to said tirst lever and circuit connections; whereby the movementof said piston is imparted to said last-named lever to open or closecircuit.

8. In combination with a piston actuated by fluid-pressure, apiston-rod, a pivoted lever connected to said rod, an adjustable springconnected to said lever for regulating the movement thereof, a pivotedcircuit-closing lever linked to said first lever and circuitconnections; whereby the movement of said piston is imparted to saidfirst-named lever to open or close circuit.

9. In a device of the class described, fixed terminals, a swinging levercomposed of two mutually-pivoted sections, a movable insulated terminalat the outer end of one section adapted to move between said fixedterminals and springs on said lever tending to preserve the two sectionsthereof in a constant relative angular position.

lO. In a device of the class described, a switch, duid-controlled meansadapted to move said switch one way, a spring adapted to move saidswitchin the opposite direction, an inverted cup having an exterioriiange on Vwhich said spring has a bearing and a screw whose tip makescontact within the bottom of said cup for its support.

ll. In a device of the class described, a compression-lever, a fulcrumabove said lever and an operating device and compressionspring impingingupon opposite endsot said lever under the same; in combination with aypivoted switch-lever iu two jointed sections,

IDO

IIO

13. In a device of the class described, a primary switch, motive devicestherefor, a source of fluid-pressure for operating said motive devices,a circular casing for said motive means and a pressure-gage coveringsaid casing over said devices and connected operatively With said sourceof {luid-pressure.

AUGUST SUNDII.

Vitnesses: t

H. S. MACKAYE, WALTER SCOTT.

